In C++, a variable can be converted from one type to another using four casts, one of them being static cast, e.g. static_cast<double>(outcomes[j])/trials
int: Integer, 4 bytes longfloat: floatdouble: longer floatchar: characterunsigned: only positivelong: use more bytes, can use onintanddoubleshort: use less bytes, can use onintvoid: no input or output, e.g.int main(void)means return an int, no input arguments